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the 72-hour rule explained

How to prepare to survive on your own for at least three days.

In the first 72 hours, power, water, roads, communications and other essential services may be down. Help may not reach you quickly or at all. 

Every person, household, workplace and community in New Zealand should be prepared to survive on their own and support others for at least three days. 

Here’s what you can do to prepare. 

How to prepare your household

You should: 
  • Water: Store at least 9 litres per person (3 litres per person per day) for drinking, cooking, and minimal hygiene.

  • Food: Keep a stockpile of emergency food or at least three days of non-perishable food for every person in your home (and pets). Choose items that can be eaten without cooking or can be prepared on a gas cooker or BBQ.

  • Power: Have power banks, torches, headlamps, and spare batteries. A generator or solar setup is a bonus.

  • Cooking: Keep a portable gas cooker with spare gas bottles so you can boil water and cook food off-grid.

  • Warmth and Shelter: Have warm clothing, sleeping bags, blankets, and a way to keep dry.

  • First Aid and Medications: A stocked first aid kit and at least three days of essential medicines.

  • Communications: A battery-powered or crank radio, phone chargers, and a plan for getting updates.

  • Plan: Know where you’ll meet if separated, need to evacuate, how to reach family, and how to turn off power, gas, or water.

How to prepare your workplace

You should:
  • Emergency Kits: Keep food, water, basic supplies or emergency kits for every staff member, enough to stay at work overnight if needed.
  • First Aid: Stock multiple first aid kits and ensure staff know where they are.
  • Communication: Have a communication plan, portable chargers, radios, or satellite communication options if mobile networks are down.
  • Evacuation Plans: Clearly identify clear evacuation procedures.
  • Power Backup: Store generators or solar systems to keep essential systems running.
  • PPE and Safety Gear: Helmets, gloves, dust masks, hi-vis gear, and fire extinguishers should be accessible.
  • Transport and Support Plans: Have a plan for staff if roads are blocked or public transport is down.
Have everything you need to protect staff and customers and reduce risks to life and property.

How to prepare your community

In a disaster, your community will likely become your first responder and neighbours will have to rely on each other. 
As a community, you should:   
  • Community Emergency Hubs: Establish or support your local community emergency hubs and ensure they are stocked with essential supplies and emergency equipment.

  • Communication Networks: Have radios systems, satellite devices, or other communication systems to coordinate and share information when phone networks are down.

  • Trained Volunteers: Identify and train volunteers who can lead the community response, coordinate support, and check on vulnerable people.

  • Shared Resources: Keep tools, generators, cookers, and other resources accessible to support larger groups or the wider community.

  • Response Plans: Create a plan for how your community will respond including who will lead, where people will gather, and how resources will be shared.

  • Support Systems: Map out who is vulnerable, who has specialist skills, and how to reach isolated households.

A well-prepared community should  be self-reliant for the first 72 hours and provide stability, shelter and support when the wider system becomes overwhelmed.

Key takeaway

The first 72 hours will test your resilience. You may wake up to a home without power or water. You may become isolated and be cut off from roads and shops. You’ll need to rely on what you already have and the people around you.

But by preparing now, you can protect what matters most.

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